On the basis of the amendment of the traditional urban-based index, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the urbanization process of Chongqing’s districts and counties from the point of spatial economics. The result shows that the process of urbanization and economic growth has obvious spatial clustering phenomena ; in 1998-2008, the process of urbanization ratio of the second industry index and ratio of the tertiary industry index have obviously contribution to economic growth; and the contribution of non-agricultural population ratio index to economic growth is weakening year by year in various regions of Chongqing. Therefore shifting the focus to the regional industrial structure adjustment is more important to promote economic growth than simply expanding city limits to increase the proportion of non-agricultural population to urbanization.