This paper proposes the “development linkages, competitiveness linkages and cooperation linkages” framework for the three-dimensional analysis of industry linkages. With the analytical framework applied to the Chinese construction industry, the innovative theory of industry linkages provides a new idea for analyzing the development of specific industries comprehensively and systematically. In this paper, China’s 31 provinces are divided into 8 regions; the development linkages, competitiveness linkages and collaboration linkages in the construction industry are measured in these regions. Research has found that in the realm of development linkages, the influence coefficients of the construction industry in these 8 regions are more than 1, which means that the construction industry plays an important role in the regional economy; the induction coefficients are generally maintained at 0.6, a low state. In the competitiveness linkages dimension, the spillover effects of construction are more obvious in Beijing, Tianjin, and the eastern and southern coasts among the 8 major regions; by contrast, the construction industry in northeast and central regions has little effect on stimulating the economy in other regions. Cooperation linkages can be readily evinced by the close interrelation of the construction industry and consulting industry in all regions. At present, construction and consulting are mainly regional businesses, however, it needs to be emphasized that the complementarity between the construction industry and consulting industry in the eastern coast is quite poor.