Though traditional technology innovation is of great importance to the remarkable achievements for China’s economy, environmental protection problem is becoming more and more urgent in the high-speed economic development. It’s environmental technology innovation that can give attention to both economic development and environmental protection. In consideration of the importance of environmental technology innovation, environmental patent licensing and R&D expenditures of environmental technology are used to measure the output and input of environmental technology innovation respectively in this paper. And the Chinese provincial panel data from 2001 to 2012 is used to make an empirical test on the relationship between environmental technology innovation and economic growth. Studies have shown that there is significant positive correlation between environmental technology innovation investment and economic growth. The studies have also shown that environmental technology innovation input and output is of great difference in China’s provinces and regions and the environmental technology innovation investment is significantly insufficient. Meanwhile it points out the imperfection of China’s environmental patent system and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.