Agricultural environment governance issues directly affect the sustainable development of rural economy and farmers' health.Based on balanced panel data of China's 30 provinces from 2000 to 2013,this paper takes the factor accumulation as threshold variables to establish panel threshold regression model,in order to test the unbalanced threshold effect on rural human capital to improving the agricultural environment efficiency.The results show that between human capital and agricultural environment efficiency there has a significant dual threshold range effect relying on economic development and material capital accumulation.Human capital and agricultural environment efficiency ascension reveal a significant "inverse-N type" trend characteristic from the low area to the high-risk area of economic development.Human capital and agricultural environment efficiency ascension reveal an obvious "invert U-type" trend characteristic from the shortage area to the abundant area of material capital.Agricultural environment policy should reflect the guide of optimizing the structure in economic development level,physical capital and human capital accumulation.