Based on the government's dominant perspective, this paper uses the 30 provincial-level panel data from 2006 to 2015 to construct a multivariate regression model and analyze the relationship between variables. The results show that there is a non-linear relationship between environmental regulation, intellectual property protection and regional innovation capability. The simultaneous implementation of environmental regulation and intellectual property protection has a significant role in promoting regional innovation capability and regional heterogeneity. From the perspective of enterprise survival, the threshold effect hypothesis is proposed and tested by Hansen panel threshold regression model. The results show that when environmental regulation and intellectual property protection work together, environmental regulation must be controlled within a reasonable range. Finally, this paper uses the threshold effect regression method to find the threshold of the impact of environmental regulation and intellectual property protection on regional innovation capabilities, and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.