Constructing a high-quality education system is a major task for China to become an educational power in the 14th Five-Year Plan period and through the year 2035. The high-quality higher education system is not only an important aspect of the high-quality education system, but also an important content and key goal of deepening the reform of education evaluation in the new era. In view of this, it is necessary to think deeply and answer scientifically what high-quality higher education system is, clarify its basic characteristics and framework, and then answer how to build high-quality higher education system. Only by defining its core meaning, can we grasp the construction direction, content and requirements of high-quality higher education system. High-quality higher education system refers to a whole composed of various aspects, elements, links, fields and levels of higher education, which is closely linked, organically connected and coordinated, and coupled with other related systems in the economic and social fields. It can promote and realize the high quality development of higher education. Therefore, it is clear that the first essence of high-quality higher education system is high quality, which serves the high-quality development of economy and society with its own high quality; its core is to cultivate people with moral integrity so as to train socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor; its basic requirement is systematization, which means higher education forms an organic whole by itself; its fundamental approach is to achieve balanced and full development in a coordinated way and solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. To sum up, high-quality higher education system mainly has five basic characteristics. The first is sinicization, which means distinctive Chinese characteristics and bright background; the second is coordination, which means internal coordination and external coordination; the third is modernization, which means continuously pursuit of development and progress; the fourth is internationalization, which means realizing the evolution of globalization; the fifth is excellence, which means constructing efficient and high-quality higher education. The construction of high-quality higher education system involves system, personnel, structure, outreach and guarantee, which can be summarized into eight aspects. First, a high-quality education governance system should be constructed to provide institutional and mechanism guarantee; second, a high-quality personnel training system should be formed to constantly improve the ability of personnel training; third, a high-quality teacher team system should be built to cultivate and build a high-quality teacher team; fourth, a high-quality discipline specialty system should be constructed to form discipline specialty structure in line with the new development pattern; fifth, a high-quality layout structure system should be built to optimize the regional layout and type structure of higher education; sixth, the high-quality innovation service system should be expanded to promote the in-depth integration of innovation chain and industry chain; seventh, a high-quality opening up system should be deepened to accelerate the internationalization of higher education; eighth, a high-quality conditions guarantee system should be consolidated to provide high-quality support for high-quality higher education system..