2025年10月8日 周三
Artificial intelligence intervention in sentencing mechanism: dilemma, orientation and deconstruction
CSTR:
Author:
Clc Number:

D924.13;TP18

  • Article
  • | |
  • Metrics
  • |
  • Reference [20]
  • |
  • Related
  • | | |
  • Comments
    Abstract:

    Judicial artificial intelligence is divided into conventional artificial intelligence and professional artificial intelligence, the former is to directly transplant artificial intelligence that has developed and matured in the general field to the judicial field without special algorithm updates, the main purpose is to liberate judges from heavy "transactional" work, so they cannot intervene in the core content of trials; The latter is an artificial intelligence specially developed for the judicial field, such as the sentencing assistance system, which intervenes in the substance of the trial, which is the core of judicial artificial intelligence. The current practice status of judicial artificial intelligence is that conventional artificial intelligence is effective because of its solid foundation, but the development and use of extremely important professional artificial intelligence is not ideal, mainly because the research and development of professional artificial intelligence lacks the theoretical supply of legal research, which is concretely manifested as "too abstract but not enough concrete". The deep reason is that there is no deep integration of legal expertise and artificial intelligence technology knowledge, that is, "those who understand technology do not understand law, and those who understand law do not understand technology". At the macro level, under the space-time background of the unpredictable explosion of intelligence, the life 2.0 stage (cultural stage) or the era of weak artificial intelligence is still the stage in the present and foreseeable future for a long time, and the sentencing artificial intelligence pretending to be a "tool" should still be positioned to assist sentencing rather than determine sentencing, and based on the value connotation of the standardized reform of sentencing. It should be further oriented to normative aid rather than reference aid, the difference between the two is the binding force of the phased sentencing conclusion given by the intelligent system on the judge. At the micro level, the algorithm construction of intelligent sentencing system should be based on the principle of sentencing logic-led algorithm logic, and take phased sentencing with "common" attributes such as sentencing benchmark and illegal punishment as the field of action rather than the final sentencing conclusion (declaration of punishment) outside its ability. In addition, in order to prevent algorithmic black boxes, algorithmic discrimination and correlation replacing causation, it is necessary to make the algorithm of sentencing artificial intelligence open and the interpretation of phased sentencing conclusions.

    Reference
    [1] 刘艳红.人工智能法学的"时代三问"[J].东方法学,2021(5):32-42.
    [2] 左卫民.热与冷:中国法律人工智能的再思考[J].环球法律评论,2019(2):53-64.
    [3] 马长山.数字法学的理论表达[J].中国法学,2022(3):119-144.
    [4] 钱大军.司法人工智能的中国进程:功能替代与结构强化[J].法学评论,2018(5):138-152.
    [5] 刘子阳,王芳.铆足马力创新发展深化智能应用:最高法信息中心主任许建峰详析智慧法院建设[N].法制日报, 2018-03-13(8).
    [6] 白建军.基于法官集体经验的量刑预测研究[J].法学研究,2016(6):140-154.
    [7] 左卫民.迈向大数据法律研究[J].法学研究,2018(4):139-150.
    [8] 马超,于晓虹,何海波.大数据分析:中国司法裁判文书上网公开报告[J].中国法律评论,2016(4):195-246.
    [9] 刘艳红.人工智能法学研究的反智化批判[J].东方法学,2019(5):119-126.
    [10] 迈克斯·泰格马克.生命3.0:人工智能时代人类的进化与重生[M].汪婕舒,译,杭州:浙江教育出版社,2018.
    [11] 石经海."量刑规范化"解读[J].现代法学,2009(3):104-112.
    [12] 熊选国.《人民法院量刑指导意见》与"两高三部"《关于规范量刑程序若干问题的意见》理解与适用[M].北京:法律出版社,2010.
    [13] 朱体正.人工智能辅助裁判的不确定性风险及其防范:美国威斯康星州诉卢米斯案的启示[J].浙江社会科学,2018(6):76-85,157.
    [14] 张明楷.犯罪常态与量刑起点[J].法学评论,2015(2):1-10.
    [15] 许玉秀.主观与客观之间:主观理论与客观归责[M].北京:法律出版社,2008:3.
    [16] 许可.人工智能的算法黑箱与数据正义[N].社会科学报,2018-03-29.
    [17] 刘友华.算法偏见及其规制路径研究[J].法学杂志,2019(6):55-66.
    [18] 江溯.自动化决策、刑事司法与算法规制:由卢米斯案引发的思考[J].东方法学,2020(3):76-88.
    [19] 刘雁鹏.智慧司法中的忧虑:想象、剖析与展望[J].理论与改革,2020(3):168-181.
    [20] 郑智航,徐昭曦.大数据时代算法歧视的法律规制与司法审查:以美国法律实践为例[J].比较法研究,2019(4):111-122.
    Related
    Cited by
Get Citation

甄航.人工智能介入量刑机制:困境、定位与解构[J].重庆大学学报社会科学版,2023,(4):191~202

Copy
Related Videos

Share
Article Metrics
  • Abstract:704
  • PDF: 840
  • HTML: 1513
  • Cited by: 0
History
  • Online: September 08,2023
Article QR Code