The Battle of Xiangjiang that broke out at the end of 1934 is a decisive battle for the survival of the Chinese revolution. This battle is not only a military confrontation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, but also a contest of popular support. The Central Red Army fought bravely in the Battle of Xiangjiang, sacrificing more than half of their lives to achieve the goal of crossing the river and advancing westward, shattered the Kuomintang’s attempt to encircle and annihilate the Central Red Army east of the Xiangjiang River. During the Battle of Xiangjiang, the mass propaganda work of the Central Red Army played an important role in breaking through the Xiangjiang River and achieving the strategic goal of advancing westward. During the Battle of Xiangjiang, it was an inevitable choice for the Red Army to carry out mass propaganda work. Firstly, the Red Army bore the significant task of propagating, organizing, and arming the masses, which is determined by its revolutionary nature. Secondly, in the context of the Kuomintang’s extensive slander against the Communist Party and the Red Army, and the deception of the vast majority of the people in northern Guangxi, the Red Army’s mass propaganda was an important way to expose the enemy, win over the masses, and help achieve the breakthrough of the Xiang River. Thirdly, the Red Army’s forced crossing of the Xiang River required various conditions. Faced with the enemy’s heavy blockade, only by actively carrying out mass propaganda, and striving to gain the understanding, trust, support, and assistance of various ethnic groups in northern Guangxi to the greatest extent possible, can the Central Red Army break through the Xiang River and turn danger into safety. During the Battle of Xiangjiang, the mass propaganda work of the Central Red Army was formulated based on local conditions to safeguard the interests of the masses; Choose flexible and pragmatic propaganda methods to awaken the public and generate ideological resonance; Strictly abide by the discipline of the masses, enhance the effectiveness of propaganda, and strive for the recognition of the masses. During the Battle of Xiangjiang, the mass propaganda work of the Central Red Army achieved significant results and had a positive historical impact. On the one hand, it expanded the influence of the CPC and the Red Army, to some extent eliminated the negative impact of the Kuomintang’s anti communist propaganda, won the support and assistance of various ethnic groups in northern Guangxi, and created a good mass foundation for breaking through the Xiangjiang River. On the other hand, it spread the revolutionary purposes and policies of the CPC, inspired the masses’ revolutionary consciousness, and sowed revolutionary kindling.The mass propaganda work of the Central Red Army during the Battle of Xiangjiang reflected the wisdom and strength of the CPC and the Red Army, which not only provided strong support for the CPC and the Red Army in the Battle of Xiangjiang and the subsequent Long March, but also accumulated valuable experience for the CPC in mass work and national work.