The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China points out that “we should accelerate high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, and lead the development of new quality productivity.” New quality productivity is a new form of productivity development under the background of the digital technology revolution, with key features such as data elementization and the integration of artificial intelligence, which is promoting the reconstruction of industrial paradigms and the transformation of economic growth momentum. In terms of development trend, new quality productivity exhibits the characteristics of deep integration of digitization and intelligence. Its core production factor data has such attributes as non competitive overlapping low marginal costs, coexistence of non exclusivity and exclusivity, real-time interaction and positive externalities, and clear property rights to promote increasing returns to scale. These characteristics make new quality productivity significantly advantageous in promoting innovation and optimizing resource allocation. From an internal logic perspective, the digitization of data during the 15th Five-Year Plan period promotes the development of new quality productivity, mainly reflected in the integration of production capacity and intelligent decision-making, changes in organizational structure and resource allocation models, and the value effect of data assets. The elementization of data promotes the integration of production capacity evolving from traditional industry collaboration to cross domain intelligent collaboration, and the decision-making mode shifts from experience driven to intelligent driven. The organizational structure has shifted from hierarchical to flat and networked, the resource allocation method has shifted from passive adaptation to active optimization, and the production mode has transitioned from large-scale standardized production to customized production; The value creation of data assets is achieved through multiplier effects, network effects, and synergies. Under the integration of artificial intelligence, data elements lead to the reconstruction of industrial paradigms from multiple dimensions such as management decision-making, production processes, industrial structure, and supply chain systems. In terms of practical approach, in order to promote the development of new quality productive forces during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to overcome key core technologies and promote the deep integration of digital economy and real economy; expand the scope of labor objects and deepen the application of data elements; optimize the policy environment for innovation and entrepreneurship and the national governance model; orderly promote the coordinated development of industries and regions. These paths can provide strong support for building a modern industrial system and realizing Chinese path to modernization, thus promoting high-quality development of new quality productivity in the digital era, promoting China’s dominant position in global competition, and achieving sustainable economic growth and overall social progress.