Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has delivered a series of important speeches and issued a series of important instructions on education, which systematically elaborate on a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new perspectives on education, forming General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions on education. These important expositions represent the latest achievements in integrating the basic principles of Marxism with China’s education practice. They have greatly advanced the development of an independent knowledge system for education with Chinese characteristics, provided a powerful ideological weapon and action guide for accelerating the modernization of education and building an educationally powerful nation, and made significant original contributions. These contributions are mainly embodied in: Firstly, from the perspective of axiology, they clarify the strategic positioning of education in the overall development of the Party and the country, providing innovative answers to the question of why educate in the new era across four dimensions: political value, economic value, cultural value, social value and innovative value. Secondly, from the perspective of epistemology, they endow the development of education in the new era with multiple connotations, profoundly revealing its fundamental nature, fundamental guarantee, fundamental tasks, historical missions, and ultimate goals, and innovatively answering the fundamental question of what kind of education to run in the new era. Thirdly， from the perspective of methodology， based on China’s basic national conditions and following the laws of education, they propose the overall thinking and strategic deployment for deepening education reform and innovation, covering the establishment of education’s status, the choice of educational paths, the stimulation of educational momentum, the planning of educational pathways, and the cultivation of educational entities, innovatively answering the question of how to run education in the new era.