Abstract:Urban-rural integrated development is a key initiative to crack the urban-rural dual structure and promote coordinated regional development, but it still faces challenges such as the uneven distribution of urban and rural resources, excessive infrastructure gaps and poor factor flows. How to promote high-quality integrated development of urban and rural areas has become a realistic problem that needs to be solved urgently in the construction of Chinese-style modernization. The essence of new quality productivity is advanced productivity, and its formation and development will profoundly reshape urban-rural relations and have an important impact on urban-rural integrated development. It is of great significance to explore the realistic path of new quality productivity to help urban-rural integrated development and to realize high-quality economic development. The article constructs a municipal new quality productivity evaluation index system covering three dimensions of scientific and technological productivity, green productivity and digital productivity, and utilizes the entropy method to measure the level of new quality productivity of 275 cities in China from 2011 to 2021, and examines the impact of new quality productivity on urban-rural integrated development and its mechanism. It is found that new quality productivity can significantly promote the development of urban-rural integration, and this conclusion still holds after the endogeneity test and a series of robustness tests. Mechanism analysis shows that new quality productivity can promote urban-rural integrated development through two important channels, namely, enhancing employment quality and improving entrepreneurial vitality. Threshold regression results show that under the threshold conditions of efficient market and active government, the impact of new quality productivity on urban-rural integrated development is characterized by positive and increasing marginal effects. Further analysis reveals that the effect of new quality productivity on urban-rural integration is more significant in the eastern region. Accordingly, we propose the following policy recommendations: accelerate the development of new quality productivity and pay attention to the powerful role of new quality productivity in urban-rural integrated development; explore multi-dimensional urban-rural integrated development driving paths to maximize the activation of the development potential of new quality productivity; give full play to the roles of effective market and active government to create a favorable development environment for new quality productivity; follow the comparative advantages of the regions, and implement differentiated development strategy of new quality productivity in accordance with local conditions.

Abstract:In September 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized the important concept of new-quality productivity during his investigation in Heilongjiang Province. New-quality productivity is the advanced productive forces that play a leading role in innovation, get rid of the traditional mode of economic growth and productivity development path, and have the characteristics of high technology, high efficiency, and high quality, which are in line with the new development concept. The proposal of new quality productivity has a brand new theoretical connotation and rich practical value. Combining the relevant important exposition of the General Secretary Xi Jinping and the current facts of China’s economic development, the article argues that the new quality productivity is an integrator covering at least the three major aspects of science and technology, green and digital, and constructs a comprehensive evaluation system of new quality productivity from the three first-level indicators of scientific and technological productivity, green productivity and digital productivity. Further, the article adopts the improved entropy weight-TOPSIS method to measure the level of new quality productivity of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2012 to 2021, and the measurement results show that the level of China’s new quality productivity rises from 0.302 6 in 2012 to 0.874 7 in 2021, with an average annual growth rate of 21%, and correspondingly the levels of science and technology productivity, green productivity and digital productivity also rise steadily. The study finds that, for different regions, the level of new quality productivity in the eastern region not only grows the fastest, but also has a higher total amount than that in the central and western regions, while the level of new quality productivity in the central region is higher than that in the western region, but the growth rate is lower than that in the western region. For specific provinces, the development pattern of new productivity is double-geese-leading in Guangdong Province and Jiangsu Province, but the gap between provinces is very large, reflecting the regional heterogeneity of China’s new productivity level. Further research, Kernel density estimation and Markov chain analysis results show that, on the one hand, China’s inter-provincial new productivity level gap has a gradually widening trend, but this trend mainly exists between individual developed and backward provinces, most of the intermediate provinces differences are not obvious, and the development of the new productivity of the club convergence phenomenon, the new productivity of the developed provinces convergence phenomenon is more obvious; on the other hand, the new productivity of the developed provinces, the new productivity of the club convergence phenomenon is more obvious. On the other hand, the development of new quality productivity has obvious spatial spillover effect, in the case of differences in the level of new quality productivity with neighboring provinces, the new quality productivity of the province will be affected by the neighboring provinces. The calculation of Gini coefficient and its decomposition results show that the inter-regional difference is the main reason for the unbalanced development of the national new productivity, which means that the main reason for the difference in the level of the new productivity is the unbalanced development of the inter-region. In view of the above problems, the development path to enhance China’s new productivity should focus on coordinating regional linkage and cooperation to promote balanced development, increasing the guidance for the development of new productivity, and making new deployments in the three major indicators of new productivity.

Abstract:Improving the mechanism for implementing the regional coordinated development strategy is an inevitable requirement and key support for promoting regional coordinated development, and an important link in the march towards Chinese-style modernization. By combing the important discussions of General Secretary Xi Jinping on coordinated regional development since the 18th CPC National Congress and summarizing the achievements of China’s coordinated regional development in the past twelve years, the article finds that the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has followed the objective law to continuously adjust and improve the concepts, mechanisms, and policy systems of regional development, and has made a series of major strategic plans to give full play to the comparative advantages of the regions and to promote the high-quality development of the regional economy. The biggest theoretical achievement is Xi Jinping’s concept of coordinated regional development in the new era, and the biggest practical mark is that China’s coordinated regional development has undergone great changes and made historic achievements. In the new journey, Chinese-style modernization has put forward new requirements and challenges for coordinated regional development. The common prosperity for all is the essential feature of Chinese-style modernization, and regional coordinated development is the inevitable requirement for realizing common prosperity. Improving the strategic mechanism of regional coordinated development should take promoting common prosperity as the core objective. The logic and focus of improving the implementation of the strategic mechanism of regional coordinated development lies in the promotion of the regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development. Based on the perspective of complementary advantages, coordinated regional development is not only about increasing the total economic volume and optimizing the industrial structure, but also about ensuring that the fruits of development can equitably benefit all people through scientific and reasonable planning and efficient resource allocation, aiming at reasonably distributing the cake. Based on the perspective of high-quality development, regional coordinated development at the macro level goes beyond the single economic growth, but is an all-round change driven by the optimization of economic structure and quality enhancement, aiming at making the cake bigger and better. Cultivating and developing new quality productivity according to local conditions is an important strategy to promote complementary advantages and high-quality development of regional economic layout. On the one hand, the development of new quality productivity not only reflects the further deepening of the region’s original comparative advantages, but also cultivates new comparative advantages for each region. On the other hand, through a new round of technological innovation, the new quality productivity can promote regional development to form new economic growth points and enhance the endogenous growth momentum of the economy. At the same time, the new quality productivity is itself a green productivity, which is an important source of power to enhance the sustainable development of the region.

Abstract:General Secretary Xi Jinping creatively puts forward the brand-new concept of new quality productivity. In the current complicated international economic environment and grim global economic and trade situation, accelerating the formation of new quality productivity and enhancing new development momentum should be taken as the fundamental principle and action guide for China’s foreign trade. This article describes the new spatial pattern of China’s foreign trade, analyzes the new momentum of China’s foreign trade under the spatial reconstruction of global supply chain, defines and explains the new quality productivity of foreign trade that promotes the high-quality growth of foreign trade before proposing policy suggestions. This article holds that currently influenced by various factors such as trade protectionism, geopolitical conflicts, and manufacturing backflow, the global industrial and supply chains are accelerating its reconstruction, shifting their orientation from cost control, production efficiency, science and technology to supply security, industrial stability and geopolitical governance, demonstrating such features as regionalization, diversification, localization, digitalization, agglomeration and other forms that steadily point to a fragmented growth pattern. In this new spatial distribution pattern, China’s foreign trade is facing unprecedented risks and challenges. The export trade to developed economies in Europe and America has dropped sharply, and export enterprises are struggling for survival. Against this complicated and severe external environment, China, being the world’s largest manufacturing country, empowers the manufacturing industry with digital technology, vigorously promotes the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, innovates product structure, and actively responds to the unfavorable situation of order transfer and export decline caused by decoupling and chain breaking and industrial chain relocation. The export of new three products represented by electric autos, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells has replaced that of labor-intensive old three products, achieving the phased goal of stabilizing scale and optimizing structure, improving quality and efficiency, and injecting new momentum into the high-quality development of foreign trade. This article provides a detailed and in-depth analysis of the specific manifestations of new quality productivity in China’s foreign trade. It is maintained that data, information, and flow are key elements of new quality productivity in foreign trade. The integration of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is the driving force behind new quality productivity in foreign trade. The integration of digital and physical economies, and that of virtual and real economies, provides a solid foundation for new quality productivity in foreign trade. New quality productivity in foreign trade has unique advantages and resilience driven by two wheels. Lighthouse factories are the backbone of new quality productivity in foreign trade, while unicorns are the driving force of new quality productivity in foreign trade. The new cross-border E-commerce models, overseas warehouses, full custody, and other new formats established on virtual aggregation platforms have formed new quality productivity in China’s foreign trade. It is necessary to support and enhance the new quality productivity of foreign trade with advanced manufacturing, emerging industries and future industries, and expand and boost the new quality productivity of foreign trade with a huge domestic consumer market.

Abstract:Modern cities continue to expand in scale and function, but at the same time their own vulnerability is constantly exposed. Natural events and sudden social hot issues may become the opportunity for the rise and fall of cities, and then affect the vitality of urban development. How to enhance the city’s ability to resist risks and develop stably has become an urgent problem to achieve high-quality economic development. The emergence of new quality productivity will profoundly change the environment and conditions faced by urban economy, promote the deep reform of urban economic operation and development mode, and have an important impact on the cultivation of new urban business forms and industrial development. Based on the panel data of 230 cities in China from 2010 to 2021, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of new quality productivity around the three components of productivity: labor, labor material and labor object, and adopts a fixed effect model to systematically investigate the impact of new quality productivity on urban economic resilience. It is found that, first of all, new quality productivity can effectively improve the resilience of urban economy, and this conclusion is still valid after the robustness test of endogenous processing, replacement variables, sample elimination and control of interaction effects. Secondly, new quality productivity affects the resilience of urban economy through the internal path of industrial structure upgrading effect, talent aggregation effect and technological innovation effect. Finally, the impact of new quality productivity on urban economic resilience is heterogeneous in terms of resource endowment, government participation and administrative level, and it is more obvious for non-resource-based cities with high government participation and high administrative level. The research conclusions provide a new perspective for exploring ways to improve urban economic resilience in theory, and provide empirical evidence for accelerating the development of new quality productivity in practice. The features and innovations of the article are mainly reflected in: First, taking new quality productivity as the starting point, this paper innovates into the impact of new quality productivity on urban economic resilience, providing new ideas for in-depth understanding and evaluation of economic effects caused by new quality productivity, and enriching and expanding academic discussions on new quality productivity in the field of urban economic resilience. It provides useful policy inspiration for exploring new ways to continuously promote new quality productivity and enhance urban economic resilience. Second, it reveals and elucidates the internal influence mechanism of new quality productivity and urban economic resilience, evaluates the action mechanism of new quality productivity to enhance urban economic resilience from the perspective of industrial structure upgrading effect, talent aggregation effect and technological innovation effect, and expands the research boundary of theoretical black box of urban economic resilience. At the same time, the heterogeneous effects of new quality productivity on urban economic resilience are also explored from the perspective of resource endowment, government participation and administrative level. Accordingly, the research conclusions help to form more specific policy targets, and have important practical guiding significance for accelerating the development of new quality productivity and improving urban economic resilience

Abstract:Confronted with the intricate international political landscape and global industrial competition, China must promptly optimize and adjust the distribution of its major productive forces in light of the new characteristics of its development stage. This involves expanding strategic depth in the vast central and western inland hinterland to fortify national security. The strategic concept of building the national strategic hinterland was first introduced at the Central Economic Work Conference in December 2023, laying the groundwork for optimizing productive force distribution and safeguarding national security. The concept delineates key geographical attributes and strategic characteristics, pragmatic practices in different historical periods show that the concept of rear area is the basic appearance of national strategic hinterland. The positioning of the national strategic hinterland by the CPC Central Committee is considered and planned from the overall situation of national development. Compared with other major regional strategies, the national strategic hinterland possesses fundamental characteristics such as its pivotal geographical location, robust economic resilience, role as an engine for innovation and development, and its ability to foster urban culture cohesion. Throughout Chinas regional economic development history, both the third line construction and coordinated development strategy have been tasked with optimizing the layout of major productive forces and maintaining a strong rear area during different historical periods. In new era, the concept of a national strategic rear area naturally assumes historical responsibility within this contemporary context. Accelerating the construction of the national strategic hinterland represents a timely response to significant changes in this century. It aims to establish a new pattern of development and optimize major productive force layouts in order to confidently navigate external uncertainties and seize strategic initiative. In order to translate strategic decisions and anticipated goals into tangible results, systematic promotion of the construction of the national strategic hinterland is imperative. By enhancing the top-level design of strategic planning, coordinating the establishment of strategic material reserves, strengthening the support for strategic scientific and technological capabilities, and establishing strategic industrial backup bases and developing a network of strategic transportation capacity in space, it will become a new growth pole and power source of Chinas economic development. This will continuously promote high-quality development and advanced security infrastructure construction in the rear area during this new era.

Abstract:New quality productivity is a new type of productivity that applies new technologies, spawns new industries, opens up new tracks, breeds new values, and reshapes new kinetic energy. Accelerating the formation of new quality productivity is not only an important hand for China to break through the dilemma of low-end embeddedness and low-end locking in the value chain, and realize the upward climb of the global value chain, but also to promote the deepening of the domestic value chain, and to realize the benign interaction of the two value circuits of the global value chain and the domestic value chain. This paper enriches and expands the core meaning and contemporary connotation of the new quality productivity, clarifies and explains the logical mechanism of the new quality productivity to promote the upgrading of global value chain, and explores the realistic path of tapping the new quality productivity to promote the upgrading of global value chain. The study finds that compared with the traditional productivity, the new quality productivity is driven by scientific and technological innovation, and it is dedicated to enhancing Chinas control over the trade network of the entire global value chain and accelerating the upgrading from the middle and low ends to the high end of the global value chain by laying the groundwork for the strategic emerging industries and the industries of the future. With innovation as the new engine, strategic emerging industries as the main position and future industries as the source, the new quality productivity plays the role of the main force of high-quality talents, and promotes the upgrading of the global value chain through the upgrading of processes, products and chains. The new quality productivity is based on the mutual promotion of domestic and international dual cycles, with the domestic general cycle as the main position and the domestic and foreign dual cycles as the support; focusing on the construction of the domestic value chain and the synergistic enhancement of the global value chain, to improve Chinas position in the division of labor in the global value chain and to cultivate the competitiveness of the domestic value chain; with the dual driving force of the green productivity and the digital productivity as the new kinetic force, and with the combination of the two sectors of the effective government and the effective market as the focus point, to play the role of the effective market and the leading role of the effective government; and with the talent attraction and training system and the chain leader system as the policy support, to promote the upgrading of global value chains. In the face of the current international background and domestic situation, it is necessary to firmly grasp the general trend of productivity development, establish a set of paths for upgrading the status of the value chain in line with Chinas national conditions through the formation of new quality productivity, accelerate the shaping of new advantages for future development, and cultivate new kinetic energies to grasp new opportunities. The formation of new quality productivity can change the passive situation of low-end lock in Chinas global value chain and ensure the security and resilience of the industrial chain, and provide Chinese solutions and wisdom for late-developed countries or regions in upgrading their position in the global value chain and realizing the upgrading of the value chain. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance for China to seize the opportunity of global value chain reshaping to enhance its competitive advantage at a deeper level and realize Chinese-style modernization.

Abstract:Integrating dispersed and closed regional markets and building a unified and open national market system not only generates greater professional division of labor advantages, improves resource allocation efficiency, but also creates broad market space for industrial development. Can this promote the formation of strategic emerging industries and future industries, and promote the development of new quality productivity? This article is based on provincial-level panel data in China from 2010 to 2022. The entropy method is used to construct new quality productivity indicators from three dimensions: technological productivity, green productivity, and digital productivity. Multiple econometric techniques such as the double fixed effects model, two-stage least squares method, and spatial Durbin model are used to analyze the impact of the construction of a unified national market on the development of new quality productivity. The study finds that, overall, the construction of a unified national market can help improve new quality productivity. After endogeneity testing, and other robustness tests such as replacing core explanatory variables, replacing dependent variables, and deleting special samples, it still holds. The mechanism of action test finds that the construction of a unified large market has expanded market demand, promoted basic research, stimulated entrepreneurial spirit, and further promoted the development of new quality productivity. Heterogeneity analysis reveals significant regional and dimensional heterogeneity in the impact of the construction of a unified national market on the development of new quality productivity. At the regional level, compared to the eastern region, the supportive effect of the unified large market on the development of new quality productivity is more significant in the central and western regions. At the dimensional level, the construction of a unified national market can effectively promote the development of technological and digital productivity, but its impact on green productivity has not yet been apparent. The analysis of spatial spillover effects finds that the unified market not only promotes the development of new quality productivity in the local area, but also promotes the development of new quality productivity in other surrounding areas. The characteristics and innovation of the article are mainly reflected in: 1) Research perspective. Based on the background of the construction of a unified national market, this study examines the impact of the construction of a unified national market on the development of new quality productivity, providing a new perspective supplement for related research. 2) In terms of research content. New quality productivity is the innovation and practice of Marxist productivity theory in China. This article demonstrates the necessity and effectiveness of promoting the improvement of new quality productivity through the construction of a unified large market from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, and further tests the spatial spillover effects of the development of new quality productivity, elevating research on the consequences of a unified large market economy to a new level. 3) At the policy level. Based on three aspects: basic research, market demand, and entrepreneurial spirit, this paper deeply analyzes the mechanism of the unified market’s impact on new quality productivity, and analyzes the path to enhance new quality productivity, which has important policy reference value. This study may deepen the understanding of market-oriented development path of new quality productivity.

Abstract:The transformation of social forms is essentially the development process of productivity from low quality to high quality, and the improvement of productivity level is the fundamental driving force for the development of human society. New quality productivity starts with new, focuses on quality, and takes productivity as the foothold. The focus of cultivating new quality productivity is on new technology, new industries, and new elements. As a strategic production factor in the digital age, data elements are the key to achieving digitalization and intelligence in enterprises. The national comprehensive experimental zone for big data is deeply cultivating the blue ocean of data, cultivating the big data industry, and unleashing strong productivity efficiency. Exploring the practical path of big data pilot zone relying on data elements to help the construction of modern economic system is of great significance to accelerate the formation of new quality productivity, realize high-quality economic growth through scientific and technological innovation, and promote the construction of Chinese path to modernization. This paper combs the existing concept and connotation of new quality productivity, introduces data elements, and clarifies the theoretical mechanism of enabling new quality productivity in the big data comprehensive pilot area. Based on the panel data of 230 prefecture level cities in China from 2011 to 2021, this paper constructs a new quality productivity indicator system at the urban level in three dimensions of scientific and technological productivity, green productivity, and digital productivity, treats the pilot policy of the national big data comprehensive pilot area as a quasi natural experiment, builds a multi period double difference model to empirically test the effect of pilot policies, and depicts the heterogeneity of pilot policy effects from multiple dimensions. The research results find that: 1) the national level big data comprehensive experimental zone significantly empowers the improvement of new quality productivity, and this conclusion still holds under various robustness tests. 2) Dimensional heterogeneity analysis shows that pilot policies have significant empowerment in three dimensions: technological productivity, green productivity, and digital productivity. Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that policy empowerment effects are more pronounced in the eastern coastal areas and the Yangtze River Economic Belt region. The analysis of heterogeneity in economic characteristics shows that the urban policy empowerment effect of high-level industrial structure, human capital, and digital infrastructure is prominent. 3) Mechanism analysis shows that pilot policies incentivize enterprises to increase research and development investment, thereby empowering new quality productivity. Based on this, policy recommendations are proposed: optimize pilot policy driven data element channels based on the sub dimension of new quality productivity; target promotion of the reform of big data comprehensive pilot zones in response to the heterogeneity of regional industrial structure; fully leverage the guidance of local governments and the exemplary role of enterprises in policy implementation.

Abstract:With the accelerated evolution of the great changes unseen in a century, the impact of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial changes on the mode of production of human society has gradually come to the forefront. To respond to the wave of the times and grasp the historical opportunities, countries are trying their best to seek a new mode of productivity. With this in mind, the concept of new quality productivity is timely, and vigorously developing new quality productivity can provide an important strategic fulcrum for China to shape new advantages in development and cope with external environmental shocks. The construction of data element market, as a key content and key deployment of element market allocation reform, will bring new impetus to the casting of new quality productivity. With the help of the quasi-natural experiment of data trading platform pilot, this article selects the sample data of 277 prefecture-level cities in mainland China from 2011 to 2021, constructs the evaluation index system of new quality productivity based on the dimensions of scientific and technological productivity, green productivity, and digital productivity, and utilizes the multi-period difference-in-differences method to validate the impact of the construction of data element market on new quality productivity and the mechanism of its action. It is found that the construction of data element market significantly promotes the improvement of new quality productivity, and this conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests such as parallel trend test and placebo test. The improvement of new quality productivity by the construction of data element market can be realized through three mechanisms, namely, improving the accumulation of human capital, promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, and increasing the degree of economic agglomeration. The impact of data element market construction is more significant for cities in the east and cities with a higher degree of marketization. The policy effect of data element market construction has significant spatial spillover characteristics, that is, the establishment of data element market in the pilot cities can promote the improvement of new quality productivity in the neighboring cities. Based on the above findings, the article puts forward policy suggestions such as accelerating the construction of data element markets, promoting human capital accumulation, accelerating economic agglomeration, promoting the upgrading of local industries to high value-added fields, and formulating a characteristic development strategy. The innovation of the article is mainly reflected as follows. The pilot policy of data trading platform is regarded as a quasi-natural experiment, and the research perspective is sunk to the level of prefecture-level cities, so as to analyze the impact of data element market construction on new quality productivity with a more detailed scale, which not only supplements the relevant research on the economic consequences of data element market construction, but also enriches the policy toolbox for nurturing new quality productivity. The intrinsic mechanism of data element market construction affecting new quality productivity is discussed from the three perspectives of human capital accumulation effect, industrial structure upgrading effect and economic agglomeration effect, and the heterogeneous impact and spatial spillover effect of data element market construction on the enhancement of new quality productivity are systematically explored, which can provide empirical evidence and policy insights for deepening data element market reform and promoting the development of new quality productivity.