The report of 18th Party Congress has put forward the construction of ecological civilization integrated into the whole process of modernization. Ecological construction integrated into economic construction is the top priority to the construction of ecological civilization; urbanization is an important carrier of ecological construction integrated into economic construction. Marxism believes that the movement of material production and reproduction of human society, in essence, is movement process of material transformation between humans and the nature, Marx’s Material transformation theory is an important theoretical basis for the socialist ecological civilization. Urbanization meets the basic principles of Marx’s Material transformation theory, but the modern urbanization accompanied by the capitalist mode of production, makes urbanization inevitably influenced by the capitalist mode of production and departed from Marx’s Material transformation theory. The Metabolism Rift appears.Through statistical analysis of the binary range variable for energy consumption and the proportion of the urban population, it is proved that urbanization is carrier to conserve resources, protect the environment, promote material transformation in order to achieve ecological civilization, but it must be in accordance to the principle that the allocation of resources is optimized, the economic structure is reasonable, and resource conservation is conducive, to embark on a road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, and build socialist ecological civilization.