As the main force of scientific research, universities produce a large number of scientific research achievements every year. Patents are not only an important manifestation of scientific research and practice in universities, but also an important means of evaluation of innovation ability and competitiveness of universities. At present, China has put forward the goal of "double first-class" university construction, which brings new opportunities for the development of higher education in China. Therefore, from the perspective of patent analysis, this paper explores the development of university disciplines, studies the characteristics of patent development of different universities in the same discipline, and provides theoretical basis for the characteristic, integration and cooperative development of disciplines. In the process of research, the paper evaluates the discipline competitiveness of the seven universities with "first-class discipline" of electrical engineering by Innography patent retrieval system. Especially, it analyses the characteristic and deficiency of discipline construction of each university from the aspects of patent application volume trend, patent distribution area, patent hot areas, inventors, and patent holders and so on, and puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions. The results show that the number of patent applications declines in different degrees in 2014 after a continuous rise in the overall trend. The overall patent competitiveness is generally weak, the rate of patent transformation is low and the perspective of patent research is mainly concentrated in the mainstream of disciplines, while the research on current high-tech hot spots is not prominent. Horizontal comparison shows that all schools can apply for discipline patents by virtue of their advantageous resources. Tsinghua University and Zhejiang University have stronger competitiveness in application for discipline patents.