Academic journal is a special department of knowledge production. It is not only the carrier for scholars to publish achievements and academic exchanges, but also bears the function and responsibility of academic evaluation. Journal evaluation is an important part of academic evaluation and is one of the ways to promote the ethical and rational academic evaluation. The social and public attributes of academic journals determine that journal evaluation has profound political, administrative, social and emotional characteristics. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation method in journal evaluation is the application of qualitative and quantitative research in evaluation, which is mainly reflected in the impact factor evaluation of bibliometrics and the qualitative evaluation of peer review. Bibliometrics focuses on the collection and ranking of impact factor data, while peer review focuses on the role of academic community as the evaluation subject. However, peer review under the bibliometrics method mainly uses the expert questionnaire to score, which is a quantitative and technical route, rather than a qualitative evaluation. Qualitative evaluation method in journal evaluation needs to understand the academic and social nature of academic journals, and study the influence of subject culture and evaluation culture on evaluation activities. We should understand peer review process from the perspective of knowledge sociology, and conduct qualitative research on the academic social field of journal evaluation. Evaluators can expand the depth and breadth of peer review, and construct the qualitative evaluation system of academic journals through the qualitative research of peer review.