After many years of development, the arbitrage space in the economic system is becoming smaller and smaller. The strategy of using social network to obtain information and key resources in the past is unsustainable, and it is necessary to find new ways. In the perspective of strategic cognition, this paper constructs a mediated moderation model based on social information processing theory and Upper Echelons Theory. By questionnaire investigation, 220 samples of company from 7 provinces and 1 municipality were surveyed. Hierarchical linear regression analysis based on the Bootstrapping of SPSS shows that strategic schema mediates the relationship between the indexes of social networks and strategic decision quality(SDQ). Both direct effects of social networks on strategic schema and indirect effects on SDQ via strategic schema are moderated by need for cognitive, such that higher levels of need for cognition enhance the positive effect. This research provides a theoretical basis for the new way of entrepreneurs to use social networks. The conclusions remind entrepreneurs to enhance the level of need for cognition, make full use of social networks, so as to improve their strategic cognition and quality of decision-making.