驾驶员的视觉适应过程直接影响交通安全。为考虑驾驶员的视觉适应过程，在确定公路隧道入口段亮度时，通过实测得到驾驶员驾车进入隧道过程中的瞳孔大小变化数据，建立了描述驾驶员驾车进入隧道过程中瞳孔面积变化速率最大值与各相关参数之间关系的数学模型。以驾驶员不发生视觉障碍的瞳孔面积变化临界速率为基准，计算得到了驾驶员瞳孔面积变化达到临界速率时，隧道入口段的最低亮度，分析了隧道入口段所需最低亮度与洞外亮度之间的关系，通过回归分析建立了隧道入口段亮度与洞外亮度之间关系的数学模型，得到了考虑驾驶员视觉适应的公路隧道入口段亮度确定方法。

Drivers' visual adaptation influenced traffic safty. In order to consider drivers' visual adaptation directly when determine road tunnel threshold zone luminance, drives' pupil size data were measured when they driving into tunnels, and established a mathematical model to describe the relationship between the max speeds of drivers' pupil area changes and related parameters. The maximum speed of drivers' pupil size changes, which could ensure drivers' visual function, were confirmed as critical speeds. The minimum tunnel threshold zone luminance was calculated based on the critical speeds, the relationship between the minimum tunnel threshold zone luminance and corresponding access zone luminance were analyzed, a mathematical model was established to describe the relationship between tunnel threshold zone luminance and access zone luminance with regression method, tunnel threshold zone luminance determined method was proposed based on drivers' visual adaptation.

国家自然科学基金（51278507、50908240）