被上游建筑遮挡的下游建筑表面风压CFD模拟的可靠性研究
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TU119

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国家自然科学基金(51474105、51308206);科技部国际合作项目(2014DFA72190);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20190799)


Reliability of CFD simulation for the wind pressure on a cubic after another cavity in comparison of wind tunnel experiment
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    摘要:

    研究城市通风或建筑风环境的主要目的是探索建筑之间和建筑内外的气流运动及污染物扩散规律,主要手段有风洞实验和计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟,后者相对前者的优点是易操作且成本低,但由于流体运动的高度不确定性,其结果的准确性存疑。在城市中,建筑之间的互相遮挡是主要特征之一,提取其中最基本单元,把两个建筑之间的遮挡问题分为上游建筑有孔(如穿堂风)与无孔两种情况,运用CFD中的雷诺平均模型(RANS)模拟下游建筑表面的风压,并与风洞实验进行严格对比,以讨论CFD方法在这一基本单元问题中的可靠性。网格敏感性分析显示,建筑表面最小网格为建筑高度的2%时,可获得可靠的结果。5种常用RANS模型的结果与风洞实验严格对比表明:RANS模型对模拟上游有孔遮挡的可靠性明显高于模拟无孔遮挡;RANS模型对于建筑上部的风压模拟结果普遍好于建筑下部;其中,SST k-ω模型准确性最高,在上游有孔时,平均误差11%,上游无孔遮挡时,则为16%。

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    Urban ventilation or wind environment focus on the air flow distribution and pollution dispersion which are studied by the tools of wind tunnel and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The latter is easy to be employed, but its reliability is under suspicion due to the high uncertainty of air stream. In the city, the sheltering among buildings affects each other in air flow, and the basic element is the two-building model. Shade problem between the two buildings are divided into upstream building with a hole (such as drafts) with no hole two situations, Reynolds average model of using CFD (RANS) simulation of wind pressure on the surface of the building downstream, and compared with wind tunnel experiments are strictly, to discuss the CFD method in question the reliability of the basic unit. The analysis of grid sensitivity states that the smallest side length of the cell around 2% of building height is sufficient to obtain steady results. The comparison of five typical RANS model presents:the reliability of RANS model to the upstream with hole occlusion was significantly higher than that of simulation without hole occlusion; estimations on upper parts of building are more accurate than on lower parts; the SST k-ω model can acquire best results with error of 11% in porous interfering building, and with 16% in sealed one, in comparison of experimental data.

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付琳莉,殷维,王天文,郝小礼,刘何清,张国强,陈翚.被上游建筑遮挡的下游建筑表面风压CFD模拟的可靠性研究[J].土木与环境工程学报(中英文),2020,42(1):180-190. Fu Linli, Yin Wei, Wang Tianwen, Hao Xiaoli, Liu Heqing, Zhang Guoqiang, Chen Hui. Reliability of CFD simulation for the wind pressure on a cubic after another cavity in comparison of wind tunnel experiment[J]. JOURNAL OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2020,42(1):180-190.10.11835/j. issn.2096-6717.2019.148

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-03-07
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