随着交通事业的蓬勃发展以及近海岸工程的不断开发，未来将有越来越多的跨海桥梁不断兴建和向复杂海域发展。但跨海桥梁所处海洋环境极为复杂，会遭受风暴潮及海啸等复杂极端灾害的巨大威胁。近年来，学者们对大型跨海桥梁上部结构的极端波浪（流）作用问题开展了相关研究。通过对近年来跨海桥梁上部结构承受极端波浪（流）作用下的理论、数值及试验研究与进展进行了综述，指出波流共同作用的模拟更符合真实的海洋环境，且跨海桥梁上部结构与极端波浪（流）相互作用是一个流固耦合过程，今后需要在数值计算以及水槽试验中考虑跨海桥梁上部结构的动力响应，深入研究跨海桥梁在极端波浪（流）作用下的失效模式和破坏机理。

With the rapid development of transportation and the development of offshore projects, more and more sea-crossing bridges will be built and developed in the future. However, the marine environment in which the sea-crossing bridge located is extremely complex, it will suffer from the huge threat of storm surge and tsunami and other complex and extreme disasters.In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out related research on the problem of extreme wave (wave-current) forces on the superstructure of sea-crossing bridges. In this paper, the theoretical, numerical and experimental research and progress of the superstructure of sea-crossing bridges under extreme waves (wave-current) are reviewed in recent years. It is pointed out that the wave-current interaction should be considered in the simulation of the real marine environment, and the interaction of the superstructure of sea-crossing bridges and extreme wave (wave-current) is a kind of fluid-solid coupling problem. In the future, it is necessary to consider the dynamic response of the superstructure of sea-crossing bridges in numerical calculations and flume tests, and to study the failure mode and failure mechanism of the sea-crossing bridge under the action of extreme waves (wave-current).

U447

国家自然科学基金（U1834207）；四川省应用基础研究重大前沿项目（2017JY0003）