传统生物污水处理技术以活性污泥法及其衍生工艺为主，虽工艺成熟、操作简单，但仍存在运行能耗高、微生物对有毒物质耐受性差等缺陷。菌藻共生生物膜污水处理技术具有低耗高效、抗冲击负荷及环境毒性耐受能力强等优势，日益受到广泛关注。从菌藻共生生物膜形成过程及净水机理出发，介绍菌藻生物膜形成的影响因素以及净水优势，综述菌藻生物膜体系在污水处理中的推广应用，并针对现有研究的不足，对未来菌藻共生生物膜的研究趋势进行展望，以期为菌藻共生生物膜污水处理技术的进一步工程实践提供理论依据。

Conventional activated sludge process and its derivative process have been regarded as a representative and valuable process for biological water treatment because of their simple operation and mature technology. Nevertheless, several drawbacks hinder their wider applicability, in which the high operating energy costs and poor microbial tolerance for toxic substances. Bacterial-algal symbiosis biofilm technology has been given increasing attentions since their high nutrients removal under the condition of less aeration and the excellent suffertibility of load and toxicity. The motivation of this study, therefore, to discuss the formation process of bacterial-algal biofilm and the mechanism of pollutants removal, to introduce the influence factors for the biofilm formation and advantage of the engineering application. We also summarize the insufficient and analysis the further prospects of the bacteria-algal biofilm to provide technical support for the popularization of bacterial-algal symbiotic biofilm.

中国博士后科学基金（2020M672540）