基于全断面隧道掘进机（Tunnel Boring Machine，TBM）滚刀贯入室内模型试验，研究了3种不同破岩模式（完整岩样破岩、同轨迹破岩和异轨迹破岩）在不同围压条件下高强度花岗岩样贯入荷载演化特征，重点揭示贯入荷载-贯入度特征曲线、峰值荷载、最大跌落幅值变化规律，获取不同破岩模式在不同围压条件下TBM滚刀受力特性。结果表明：1）高围压组贯入荷载-贯入度特征曲线较低围压组先跌落，跌落幅度较小，但其对应的贯入荷载并非峰值荷载，而低围压组初次跌落荷载为峰值荷载，且跌落幅值较大；2）在中高围压10~15 MPa时，峰值荷载及贯入荷载最大跌落幅值均最小，表明此围压范围较利于TBM的掘进；3）低围压条件下选用异轨迹破岩模式较同轨迹破岩模式能更有效地降低TBM滚刀贯入荷载，但同轨迹破岩模式的岩样发生楔裂破坏，其最大跌落幅值最小，更能减少刀具所受冲击荷载，减少刀具磨损。

Based on tunnel boring machine (TBM) disc cutter penetration laboratory model tests, the penetration load evolution characteristics of high-strength granite specimens under different confining pressures were studied using three different rock-breaking modes (intact rock-breaking, rock breaking along pre-cutting trajectory and rock breaking between pre-cutting trajectory). The study focused on revealing the penetration load-penetration depth characteristic curves, peak load, maximum drop amplitude variation laws, and obtaining the force characteristics of TBM disc cutters under different rock-breaking modes and confining pressures. The results show that: (1) The penetration load-penetration depth characteristic curve of the high confining pressure group drops earlier and has a smaller decrease in amplitude than that of the low confining pressure group, but the corresponding penetration load is not the peak load, while the initial drop load of the low confining pressure group is the peak load, and the drop amplitude is larger; (2) The peak load and the maximum drop amplitude of the penetration load are smallest at medium-high confining pressures of 10-15 MPa, indicating that this confining pressure range is more conducive to TBM excavation; (3) Under low confining pressure conditions, choosing rock-breaking between pre-cutting trajectory mode can reduce TBM disc cutter penetration load more effectively than rock-breaking along pre-cutting trajectory mode. However, the rock sample with the rock-breaking along pre-cutting trajectory mode exhibits wedge failure, and its maximum drop amplitude is the smallest, which can reduce the impact load on cutters and reduce cutter wear.

TU458;U455.6

国家自然科学基金（42377169、42267022）；江西省自然科学基金（20232BCJ23004、20232ACB214011）；轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室开放课题（HJGZ2021102）