本文对环境岩土工程领域涉及的几种主要微生物的生物化学反应过程及作用机理进行了总结,并针对微生物岩土技术在土体加固技术，抗渗封堵技术，污染土修复技术等三个方面开展的研究进行了总结与评述。通过对微生物岩土领域国内外已开展的系列研究的整理与总结，以期促进该领域开展更全面深入的基础研究和微生物技术在岩土工程中更切合实际的推广与应用

This paper summarizes biochemical reaction processes and mechanisms of the major microorganisms involved in the field of bio-geotechnical engineering. The researches focus on soil improvement technology, sealing technology, contaminated soil remediation technology are summarized and discussed. Through the collection and summary works on this topic, this paper aim to promote a deeper and more comprehensive fundamental researches and contribute to promotion and application of the bio-technology in geotechnical engineering.