被上游建筑遮挡的下游建筑表面风压CFD模拟的可靠性
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作者单位:

1.湖南科技大学;2.湖南大学

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(51474105,51308206),科技部国际合作项目(2014DFA72190)


The reliability of CFD simulation on the wind pressure on a cubic after another cavity in comparison of wind tunnel experiment
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Hunan University of Science and Technology;2.Hunan University

Fund Project:

Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51474105,51308206), International Science and Techonology Cooperation Program of China(No.2014DFA72190)

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    摘要:

    城市通风或建筑风环境主要探索建筑之间和建筑内外的气流运动及污染物扩散规律,主要手段有风洞实验和计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟。后者相对前者的优点是易于操作且成本低,但由于流体运动的高度不确定性,其结果的准确性存疑。在城市中,建筑之间的互相遮挡是主要特征之一,本文提取其中最基本单元,两个建筑之间的遮挡问题,分为上游建筑有孔(如穿堂风)与无孔两种情况,运用CFD中的雷诺平均模型(RANS)模拟下游建筑表面的风压,并与风洞实验进行严格对比,以讨论CFD方法在这一基本单元问题中的可靠性。网格敏感性分析显示,建筑表面最小网格为建筑高度的2%时,可获得稳定的结果。5种常用RANS模型的结果与风洞实验严格对比显示:RANS模型对上游有孔遮挡的可靠性明显高于模拟无孔遮挡;RANS模型对于建筑上部的风压模拟结果普遍好于建筑下部;其中SST k-ω模型准确性最高,在上游有孔时平均误差11%,上游无孔遮挡时则为16%。本文所推荐的CFD方法对工程中的研究和应用具有一定的指导意义。

    Abstract:

    Urban ventilation or wind environment focus on the air flow distribution and pollution dispersion which are studied by the tools of wind tunnel and the CFD. The latter is easy to be employed, but its reliability is under suspicion due to the high uncertainty of air stream. In the city, the sheltering among buildings affects each other in air flow, and the basic element is the two-building model. The paper simulated this essential model with cross-ventilated in a couple of windows on opposite facades and sealed conditions, to compare accurately with the experimental data from the wind tunnel. The analysis of grid sensitivity states that the smallest side length of the cell around 2% of building height is sufficient to obtain steady results. The comparison of five typical RANS model presents: the pressure results in cross-ventilated upstream building are better than that in closed one; estimations on upper parts of building are more accurate than on lower parts; the SST k-ω model can acquire best results with error of 11% in porous interfering building, and with 16% in sealed one, in comparison of experimental data. The methodology of the study could be a guide for the application of research and engineering in urban ventilation.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-27
  • 最后修改日期:2019-05-29
  • 录用日期:2019-07-01
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