Drop hammer test was carried out on five reinforced concrete (RC) beams which include one as-built RC beam, two RC beams reinforced with different amount of basalt fiber rebar (BRRC) and two RC beams reinforced with different amount of basalt textile (BTRC). The damage process, impact force, reaction force, deformation time history, impact force-deformation curve and reaction force-deformation curve were analyzed to study the impact-resistant behavior of the RC beams reinforced with BTRC or BRRC. Results indicate that BTRC and BRRC can significantly increase the impact load-carrying capacity, thus decreasing the peak deformation and residual deformation of the beams. The reinforcement strategies and FRP amount have little influence on the deformation of the beams. Part of the kinematic energy of the drop hammer can be dissipated due to the propagation of the cracks between the reinforcement layer and the concrete, resulting in lower internal energy of the reinforced beams in comparison with that of the as-built RC beam.