地震可能对桥梁结构产生巨大的破坏力,造成桥梁损伤,甚至垮塌。桥梁抗震一直是桥梁领域内的重要研究方向。本文归纳总结了2020年桥梁抗震领域的研究成果和发展趋势,主要结论如下：探索了用新型材料代替普通混凝土后墩柱的抗震性能；通过振动台实验和数值模拟,验证了摇摆隔震桥墩具有良好的抗震性能；采用碳纤维布护套加固墩柱可以显著提高墩柱的位移延性,减少残余位移；传统单肢转双肢薄壁高墩的抗震性能更好,主筋率较高的双肢薄壁墩滞回曲线较为饱满,耗能性能良好,提高轴压比显著提高桥墩的延性性能；带消能连梁的矩形空心双柱式高墩具有更好的耗能能力、承载能力和位移延性能力；采用摩擦摆支座加限位耗能杆的减隔震体系,具有良好减隔震效果,内力减震率可达20%以上；研究了用新型无粘结钢网橡胶支座(USRB)代替桥梁中无粘结叠层橡胶支座(ULNR)的可靠性,通过数值模拟,探究了近场地震动和土-结构相互作用对桥梁动力响应的影响。

Earthquake may cause great damage to bridge structure, damage and even collapse of bridge. The seismic resistance of bridges has always been an important research direction in the field of bridges. This paper summarizes the research results and development trend of the seismic field of bridges in 2020, and the main conclusions are as follows: the seismic performance of the pier column after replacing ordinary concrete with new materials is explored; The shaking isolation pier has good seismic performance through shaking table experiment and numerical simulation; The displacement ductility and residual displacement of the pier can be improved by using the carbon fiber cloth sheath to strengthen the pier column; The traditional single leg to double limb thin-walled high pier has better seismic performance, the hysteretic curve of the double limb thin-walled pier with high main reinforcement ratio is full, and the energy consumption performance is good, and the axial pressure ratio is improved significantly; The rectangular hollow double column high pier with energy dissipation beam has better energy consumption capacity, bearing capacity and displacement ductility; The system of vibration reduction with friction pendulum support and limit energy dissipation rod has good effect of reducing isolation, and the internal force damping rate can reach more than 20%; The reliability of using new type of unbonded steel mesh rubber support (USRB) instead of unbonded laminated rubber support (ULNR) in bridge is studied; The influence of near field vibration and soil structure interaction on the dynamic response of the bridge is investigated.

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川藏铁路系统性重大科研项目(P2018G007-K04-004)；国家自然科学基金(51708466)