由于大规模建设时期，经济高速发展带来的桥梁建设需求与落后的技术储备之间的矛盾，今后10到30年，我国将面临日益增长的桥梁检修压力。基于桥梁评估与加固领域的最新研究进展，本文介绍了包括桥梁主要病害监测技术的化学方法和物理方法以及传感器技术及信号处理技术在内的桥梁健康监测技术及装备；对比了基于时变可靠度理论和基于历史数据的桥梁健康评估方法，并论述了结构参数反演相较于人工智能的重要意义；介绍了针对抗弯、抗剪、抗震的局部加固方法，附加结构体系的整体加固方法，及电化学除氯技术等养护方法；介绍了网络级和项目级的维修加固决策方法。考虑到强学科交叉特性，对一些先进的传感器、信号处理技术及评估理论也进行了着重介绍，旨在厘清其间内在逻辑，或许能够起到一定的灵感和思路启发作用。

Due to the contradiction between the demand of bridge construction brought by the rapid economic development and the backward technical reserve in the period of large-scale construction, China will face the increasing pressure of bridge maintenance in the next 10 to 30 years. Based on the latest research progress in the field of bridge evaluation and reinforcement, this paper introduces the chemical and physical methods of the main bridge disease monitoring technology, the bridge health monitoring technology and equipment including sensor technology and signal processing technology; The bridge health evaluation method based on time-varying reliability theory and historical data is compared, and the significance of structural parameter inversion relative to artificial intelligence is discussed; The partial reinforcement methods for bending, shearing and seismic resistance, the integral reinforcement methods for additional structural systems, and the electrochemical chlorine removal technology are introduced. The decision-making methods of maintenance and reinforcement of network level and project level are introduced. Considering the cross-disciplinary characteristics, some advanced sensor, signal processing technology and evaluation theory are also introduced in order to clarify the internal logic, may be able to play a certain inspiration and train of thought inspiration.

国家自然科学基金(51778532)