Cement mortar with quarts sand supported TiO2 (QST) aggregates was prepared and the effect of QST aggregate on the dry shrinkage performance of cement mortar was studied. The interfacial bond strength between QST aggregate and cement stone was measured by pull-out strength method. The effect of nano TiO2 on the hydration products and pore structure of the interfacial transition zone between aggregate and cement stone was studied by SEM, EDS and MIP methods. Compared with ordinary aggregate, QST aggregate can reduce the dry shrinkage of cement mortar and improve the interfacial adhesion between aggregate and cement stone. The nano TiO2 loaded on the surface of aggregate promotes the hydration of cement paste, reduces the enrichment of Ca(OH)2 in the ITZ area, and refines the pore structure of the ITZ between cement stone and aggregate.