The process of compliance checking of BIM structural model is characterized by labor consumption, heavy workload and low automation. In order to address this issue, an ontology based BIM structural design model compliance checking method is proposed. The method includes three sub modules: specification management, BIM model information processing and compliance checking. The specification management sub module can transform semi-structured design specification terms into structured knowledge and carry out flexible query and reasoning; BIM model information processing sub module can realize the extraction, transformation and mapping of BIM model information; The compliance checking sub module can realize the implementation of rules and the generation of review reports. Methods the implementation process starts from the method of first-order predicate logic to represent the structure design specification, creating the compliance checking ontology with the help of ontology construction tool protégé, translating the structure design specification and realizes rule reasoning through Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), and then realizes the compliance checking. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the system are verified by the framework structure example. The results show that this method can realize semi-automatic compliance checking of BIM structural model according to some clauses of structural design specification.