寒区导电混凝土研究现状与展望
CSTR:
作者:
作者单位:

西南石油大学 土木工程与测绘学院

中图分类号:

TU375.4

基金项目:

中国博士后科学基金,国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目),四川省自然科学基金,冻土工程国家重点实验室开放基金


Current status and prospects of research on conductive concrete in cold regions
Author:
Affiliation:

School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics,Southwest Petroleum University

Fund Project:

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China (Surface Project, Key Project, Major Project), Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation, State Key Laboratory of Permafrost Engineering Open Fund

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    摘要:

    寒区道路、桥梁、水库大坝面板的积雪结冰严重影响工程性能发挥,对工程安全运维产生较大影响。一直以来大量使用除冰盐、融雪剂等除冰材料给环境造成较大污染。导电混凝土作为一种环保型、高效型融雪除冰技术,在保障工程安全运维、延长工程服役寿命、提升工程服务质量等方面发挥着重要作用。同时,将导电混凝土用作寒冷地区房屋建筑材料兼具室内采暖功能,在一定程度上可以缓解能源紧张。本文综述了常用导电混凝土的制备工艺,分析了碳质类导电混凝土、金属类导电混凝土以及复相导电混凝土的力-电-热性能,阐述了导电材料对导电混凝土综合性能(如:导电性、抗冻性、耐久性)的影响机制。基于此,围绕高性能、低成本目标,提出了寒区导电混凝土的研究构想:1)广泛使用回收碳纤维等回收材料,发展多相导电混凝土技术;2)将磁选粉煤灰、矿渣和硅灰等作为掺合料有机应用于导电混凝土中;3)开展低电压下导电混凝土的升温性能和导电性能研究;4)综合利用清洁能源(如:太阳能、风能等)发电为导电混凝土提供电源;5)开展复杂工程环境下导电混凝土-岩土体-环境反馈机制研究。本文的研究以期为我国寒区工程冰冻灾害防治及房屋建筑室内采暖提供借鉴。

    Abstract:

    Snow and ice on roads, bridges and reservoir dam panels in cold regions seriously affect the performance of the project, and have a significant impact on the safe operation and maintenance of the project. The extensive use of de-icing materials, e.g., de-icing salt and snow melting agents, lead to serious environment pollution. Conductive concrete, as an environmentally friendly and efficient snow/ice melting technology, plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation and maintenance of engineering, extending the service life of the project, and improving the service quality of engineering. At the same time, the use of conductive concrete as building materials in cold areas has indoor heating function, which can alleviate the energy shortage to some extent. This paper reviews the preparation process of commonly-used conductive concrete, analyses the mechanical-electrical-thermal properties of some kinds of conductive concrete, e.g., carbonaceous conductive concrete, metallic conductive concrete and complex-phase conductive concrete, and then researches the influence of conductive materials on the mechanical performance of conductive concrete (e.g., conductivity, frost resistance, and durability). Based on analysis above, the research concepts of conductive concrete in cold regions are proposed considering the goals of high performance and low cost: 1) Recycling materials, such as recycled carbon fiber, should be widely used to develop multiphase conductive concrete; 2) Magnetic separation fly ash, slag, and silica fume are extensively used as admixtures in conductive concrete; 3) Investigating the heating and conductivity performances of conductive concrete under the low charging voltage; 4) Utilizing comprehensive clean energy (e.g., solar energy, wind energy, etc.) to generate electricity for conductive concrete; 5) Exploring the conductive concrete-geotechnical-environment feedback mechanism under complicated engineering environment. This study is aimed to provide guidance for the prevention and control of engineering disasters and indoor heating of buildings in cold regions.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-21
  • 最后修改日期:2023-03-10
  • 录用日期:2023-03-15
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