Under the background of promoting environmental function quality and carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the hidden problems of repeated consumption and low sustainability in artificial nitrogen fixation/ nitrogen removal process come to prominence. Synthesizing the necessity and resource availability of ammonium-nitrogen in wastewater, research and development of ammonium-nitrogen resource recovery technology is receiving more and more attention in wastewater treatment. Among the existing techniques, electrochemical technology has become a hot research direction due to its advantages such as fast reaction, simple equipment, and convenient operation. In this paper, an overview of the research and development status of electrochemical-mediated ammonium recovery technology in recent years was provided. Focusing on the migration and conversion mechanism of different forms of ammonium-nitrogen in the electrochemical system, the main principles of recovery technology were introduced. The enhancement effect of electrodes and membrane materials on the ammonium recovery performance was highlighted and the energy efficiency of related processes was analyzed. In addition, the inherent demand for technological innovation in a low-carbon background was discussed, the future efforts would hopefully be directed towards the development of high-performance system components, energy reduction, and functional expansion / smart operation to promote the high-quality and sustainable development of electrochemical-mediated ammonium recovery technology.