城市轨道交通结构中,一般采用浮置板下设弹簧隔振器来减小振动传递和保证行车平稳和安全性。由于列车荷载的长期反复作用,弹簧隔振器在疲劳作用下会出现刚度减小、损伤和吊空现象,作为隐蔽部件其损伤很难被巡检发现。应用ABAQUS有限元软件建立车辆-轨道耦合模型,选取深圳地铁某区段浮置板实测振动数据对模型进行验证。采用均匀设计法对弹簧隔振器发生不同损伤数量、损伤程度和损伤位置工况进行参数试验设计,通过模型模拟计算得到各损伤参数对浮置板振动响应的量化影响程度。计算结果表明:对浮置板加速度和位移影响最大的是弹簧隔振器的损伤位置,影响权重分别为50%和49.3%；其次是损伤数量,影响权重分别为28.4%和27.9%；最后是损伤程度,影响权重分别为21.6%和22.8%。研究成果可对城市轨道交通结构隔振器设计与列车运行安全监控提供参考。

In urban rail transit structures, spring vibration isolators are typically installed beneath floating slabs to reduce vibration transmission and ensure stable and safe train operation. However, due to the long-term and repetitive loading of trains, the spring isolators may become damaged or suspended, making them difficult to detect during inspections as they are concealed components. A vehicle-track coupled model was established using ABAQUS finite element software, and the measured vibration data of a certain section of the Shenzhen Metro floating slab was selected to validate the model. The uniform design method was used to conduct parameter experimental design on different damage quantities, degrees, and locations of the spring isolators. The quantitative impact of each damage parameter on the vibration response of the floating slab was obtained through model simulation and calculation. The calculation results show that the location of damage to the spring isolator has the greatest impact on the acceleration and displacement of the floating slab, with influence weights of 50% and 49.3%, respectively. Next is the damage quantity, with influence weights of 28.4% and 27.9%. Lastly, the damage degree has an influence weight of 21.6% and 22.8%. The research results can provide reference for the design of vibration isolators in urban rail structures and the safety monitoring of train operations.

国家自然科学基金(52178488)