In order to investigate the dynamic response characteristics during shield cutting pile process, the dynamic response induced by shield cutting pile impact load was solved by combining numerical simulation and theoretical analysis with the background of shield crossing group pile project of Nanjing Metro Line 10. Meanwhile, vibration sensors were installed on the cutterhead to monitor the dynamic response of the shield cutting pile. The results show that: (1) When the shield cuts reinforced concrete pile foundation at low speed of about 5 mm/s, the thrust and torque changes are small, and the thrust and torque show obvious hysteresis owing to the fact that the pile foundation is cylindrical and the cutting section increases slowly, and the peak thrust and torque are about 1.3 times and 1.25 times of the initial value. (2) The simulation results show that the rebar incision presents compression-tension fracture under the action of multiple cuts by the cutter. Under the action of impact loading, multiple dynamic response waveforms appear at the cutterhead bearing position with peaks close to 0.6g. (3) The measured data show that under the impact load, the time domain curve of cutterhead vibration acceleration shows several consecutive peaks with an interval of about 0.1 s and an amplitude of 0.5g, the measured impact response waveform is highly consistent with the theoretical solution and verified with each other. The waveform can be used as a typical characteristic of continuous cutting of steel bars by multiple cutters. (4) During the whole pile cutting process, the acceleration response Xrms, peak XP will be significantly higher, and the maximum intensity will be about twice as high as when cutting clay ground, and it will fall off rapidly after the pile cutting is completed. The relevant conclusions can provide a reference for the identification of shield cut pile status.