In order to evaluate the influence of steel spring-floating plate track on wheel-rail forces and its actual vibration damping effects in a deep soft-soil tunnel, steel spring floating plate track bed and ordinary integral track bed were selected to meet the three preconditions of similar geological conditions, the same buried depth of the tunnel, and the same train speed and load. The vertical and lateral wheel-rail forces and rail deformation were tested respectively, and the three-direction vibration acceleration time travel curve of its rail, sleeper plate and tunnel wall, expand the time domain and frequency domain analysis. The results show that: (1) the floating plate can increase the vertical wheel-rail force slightly, increase the transverse wheel-rail force greatly, and make the low-frequency quasi-static action of wheel-rail force take a larger proportion; (2) The incensement of low-frequency components of wheel-rail forces cause the low-frequency jitter of the floating slab, resulting in a significant increase in rail displacement and volatility, and its vertical and lateral displacement increased by 2.4 times and 4 times respectively, which will have an adverse effect on smooth running; (3) The transverse and vertical vibration acceleration levels of the soft-soil tunnel wall were reduced by 5 dB, and the longitudinal vibration changed little, while the transverse and vertical vibration acceleration levels of the sleeper plate were increased by 10~12 dB, which proves that the floating plate effectively blocks the vibration energy. (4) The transverse and vertical resonance frequencies of the tunnel are about 50 Hz, and the floating slab effectively suppress the transverse and vertical vibration levels by 10~18 dB, satisfying the performance requirements of special vibration reduction measures. It shows that the increase of low frequency wheel-rail force has little effect on the high frequency vibration isolation performance of the floating slab, and the steel-spring floating slab is also appropriate to soft-soil subway tunnels.