过渡金属/碳复合催化剂可高效活化过硫酸盐（PMS）降解有机污染物。本文通过简单的热解法成功将吸附Cu(Ⅱ)的复合水凝胶吸附剂转化为零价铜/碳复合催化剂C-Cu，可高效活化PMS并快速降解2,4-二氯苯酚 (2,4-DCP)。在pH为5、C-Cu投加量为5 mg、PMS浓度为0.20 g·L-1条件下，5 min内完全去除2,4-DCP（0.1 mmol·L-1），反应动力学常数高达3.434 2 min-1，较报道的金属氧化物提高3个数量级。在满足《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级标准条件下，C-Cu可在柱状动态反应器中稳定运行81.3 h。在pH 5-9、常规无机盐和天然有机质共存条件下，C-Cu/PMS体系中2,4-DCP的降解未受到明显抑制，显示出良好的环境耐受性。同时，C-Cu/PMS体系对多种氯酚类污染物均具有优越的去除效果。活性物种淬灭实验以及电子顺磁共振波谱（EPR）测试结果一致表明，零价铜作为PMS活化位点，产生大量1O2和·O2-。液相色谱-质谱联用分析结果表明，2,4-DCP经过脱氯和开环等过程实现降解和矿化。本研究为水凝胶吸附剂的资源化利用提供了新思路，为廉价金属/碳复合催化剂的开发应用提供了新方法。

Transition metal/carbon composite catalysts can effectively activate persulfate (PMS) to degrade organic pollutants. In this study, a simple pyrolysis method successfully transformed a composite hydrogeladsorbent that had adsorbed Cu(II) into a zerovalent copper/carbon composite catalyst (C-Cu), which efficiently activated PMS and rapidly degraded 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). Under conditions of pH 5, 5 mg of C-Cu dosage, and PMS concentration of 0.20 g·L-1, 2,4-DCP (0.1 mmol·L-1) was completely removed within 5 minutes, with a reaction kinetic constant as high as 3.434 2 min-1, an increase of 3 orders of magnitude over reported metal oxides. In compliance with the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard "( GB8978-1996), the first-level standard, C-Cu can stably operate for 81.3 hours in a column dynamic reactor. Under the coexistence conditions of pH 5-9, conventional inorganic salts, and natural organic matter, the degradation of 2,4-DCP in the C-Cu/PMS system was not significantly inhibited, demonstrating good environmental tolerance. Moreover, the C-Cu/PMS system showed superior removal effects for various chlorophenol pollutants. Quenching experiments of active species and EPR test results consistently indicated that zerovalent copper serves as the activation site for PMS, generating a large amount of 1O2 and ·O2-. LC-MS analysis results suggested that 2,4-DCP undergoes processes such as dechlorination and ring-opening for degradation and mineralization. This research provides new insights for the resourceful utilization of hydrogel adsorbents and presents a novel approach for the development and application of cost-effective metal/carbon composite catalysts.

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十二五水专项课题(2014ZX07204-008)