对建筑面砖外墙劣化导致脱落风险日益凸显的问题，基于现场调研和多元线性回归模型提出一种劣化程度快速评估方法，旨在降低既有评估方法的模糊性，同时提高诊断效率。首先，综合国内外研究，分类分析了面砖外墙的劣化类型及其影响，并汇总了劣化定性评估标准。接着，通过调研建立了面砖外墙劣化图像库，并开展了分组评估，在此基础上，利用多元线性回归方法构建了劣化评估模型，确定系数R^2达到82.45%，且模型中自变量对因变量的影响在统计学上显著。为进一步规范化评估结果，引入价值函数对模型输出进行处理，得到归一化的劣化程度评估值。最终，结合回归模型、价值函数和劣化程度评级标准，形成了一套完整的评估方法。通过实例验证，与传统评估方法相比，此方法具有指标全面、简便高效和适用性强等优势。

As the risk of falling caused by deterioration of exterior wall tiles has become increasingly prominent, a multiple linear regression model is proposed to rapidly assess the deterioration degree based on field surveys. This method aims to reduce the ambiguity of existing assessment approaches while improving diagnostic efficiency. Firstly, the types of deterioration and their impacts on exterior wall tiles was classified and analyzed according to the available research, and qualitative assessment standards for deterioration was summarized. Then, the image library covering the deterioration of exterior wall tiles was established through surveys, and evaluation of the deterioration based on the proposed standards by groups was conducted. . Subsequently, an assessment model for the deterioration was built using a multiple linear regression approach, with a determination coefficient R2 of 82.45%, and the impact of independent variables on dependent variables was statistically significant. To further standardize the assessment results, a value function was introduced to process the model output, obtaining a normalized degree of deterioration assessment value. Finally, combining the regression model, value function, and rating standards of deterioration degree, a complete set of assessment approach was formed. Compared with traditional assessment ways, this approach has the advantages of being comprehensive, simple, efficient, and highly applicable, as verified through practical examples.

国家自然科学基金(52308330)；四川省建筑设计研究院有限公司课题(KYYN202231-F1)