村镇建筑中砌体结构缺少必要的抗震措施，墙体抗震能力偏低，采用聚丙烯网-复合水泥砂浆对墙体进行加固以提高村镇建筑的抗震能力。为研究开洞砌体墙加固后的抗震性能，设计制作了3榀开洞墙体的模型试件进行拟静力试验，得到模型试件的滞回曲线及骨架曲线。采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立数值模型进行计算分析，将计算结果与试验结果进行对比，二者结果基本一致。未加固试件加载后洞口角部首先开裂，并逐步延伸至墙体端部，形成 “X”或“八”字型贯通裂缝，呈剪切破坏。采用聚丙烯网-复合水泥砂浆面层加固后可有效延缓减轻墙体破坏，单侧面层加固墙体和双侧面层加固墙体较未加固墙体的极限承载力分别提高了68.75%、107.05%，试件初始刚度分别提高了11.68%、46.55%，延性性能分别提高了6.34%、14.63%。分析结果表明，对村镇建筑开洞砌体墙采用单侧及双侧面层加固后其抗震能力均有提高，洞口区域易开裂后形成贯通裂缝，其破坏模式与未开洞墙体不同。

Masonry structures in village buildings often lack necessary seismic measures, resulting in low seismic capacity of the walls.To enhance the seismic capacity of these buildings, walls were reinforced using polypropylene mesh and composite cement mortar. To investigate the seismic performance of reinforced masonry walls with openings, three wall models with openings were designed and subjected to quasi-static tests. The hysteresis curves and skeleton curves of the model specimens were obtained from these tests. Numerical models were then established using ABAQUS finite element software for computational analysis, and the results were compared with the experimental findings, showing a high degree of consistency.The unreinforced specimens exhibited initial cracking at the corners of the openings under load, which gradually extended to the wall ends, forming "X" or "八" shaped continuous cracks indicative of shear failure. Reinforcement with polypropylene mesh and composite cement mortar effectively delayed and mitigated wall damage. The ultimate bearing capacity of walls reinforced on one side and both sides increased by 68.75% and 107.05%, respectively, compared to unreinforced walls. Additionally, the initial stiffness of the walls improved by 11.68% and 46.55%, respectively, while the ductility performance increased by 6.34% and 14.63%.The analysis results indicate that both single-side and double-side reinforcement of masonry walls with openings significantly enhance their seismic capacity. The openings tend to form continuous cracks after initial cracking, and the failure mode differs from that of walls without openings.

TU311.3

国家自然科学基金(51778527),西安市英才计划领军人才项目(XAYC200024)