Soil temperature prediction model around the subway metro tunnels is constructed with the consideration of coupled heat transfer between range temperature and surrounding soil. Finite difference method is adopted for numerical solution of the model, and the solving results in certain conditions are compared to validate the analytical solution. The high-frequency thermal disturbance brought by train operation is simplified into three different forms, and the predictive model of soil temperature is used to calculate the corresponding soil temperature response. It is indicated that temperature fluctuations of range air and the wall are accompanied with high-frequency thermal disturbance, but the impact on soil temperature distribution inside is limited.