The gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics of fine particles in the filter media were simulated based on CFD-DEM (Discrete Element Method) in this study, and the particle group, particle size distribution, and the rebound effect between particles, particle and fiber were taken into account the calculations. Additionally, the movement characteristics of the particle group and the deposition form of the fine particles in the fibrous filtration were analyzed. The results indicate that it is convenient and feasible to simulate the filtration process of the filter media as well as the deposition process and form of the fine particle on the media surface using CFD-DEM, and the simulation results are consistent with the experimental observations in the literature. The surface filtration has larger contribution to the filtration process, and most of the particles are captured by the media surface. Meanwhile, parts of smaller particles that enter into the media are captured by the depth filtration. A larger number of particles are collected by the particle-particle capture mechanism. The filtration efficiencies of the filter media are varied with the particle systems, and for the model of the filter media in this study, the filtration efficiency of the multi-particle system is about 20% higher than that of the single-particle one.