在环境功能质量提升和碳达峰、碳中和背景下，膜法污水处理发展面临高标准和绿色低耗处理的双重挑战。如何突破现有膜技术水通量与污染物去除效率瓶颈，降低膜技术/工艺能耗与碳排放，支撑膜法污水处理技术未来可持续发展，是亟需关注和思考的问题。近年来，膜法污水处理在膜分离过程原理、抗污染膜材料制备、膜工艺创新及工程应用等方面取得了长足进步，并逐步向材料设计精准化、膜界面功能化、工艺绿色化的方向发展。围绕高性能膜材料制备、膜技术/工艺的功能拓展、膜的可持续利用以及膜工艺绿色低耗发展等4个方面综述了相关研究进展，并对膜法污水处理技术可持续发展进行了总结和展望。在未来多目标需求背景下，膜法污水处理技术应向多功能拓展、选择性分离、定制化分离与绿色化发展等方向迈进，以实现膜法污水处理技术的可持续发展。

The development of membrane-based wastewater treatment technology faces two challenges, i.e.:(i) improvement in the environment quality requires high-standard treatment, and (ii) carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality calls for green and sustainable techniques. Under such circumstances, methods to break the bottleneck of water permeability and pollutant removal efficiency trade-off, to reduce the energy consumption and carbon emission of membrane technology, and to stimulate the sustainable development of membrane-based wastewater treatment are of great significance.Recently, remarkable progress in membrane-based wastewater treatment has been achieved in terms of membrane separation fundamentals, antifouling membrane preparation, membrane process innovations, and engineering applications. Current efforts have been dedicated to precise design of membrane materials, functionalization of membrane interface, and process greening transformation. In this work, recent research progress has been reviewed in terms of functional extension of membrane technology/process, design of high-performance membrane materials, sustainable utilization of membranes, and green development of membrane processes. Further analysis and discussion on future development are also presented.In the context of future multi-target needs, multi-functionalization, selective and customized separation, and green development are worthy of in-depth research for promoting the sustainable evolution of membrane-based wastewater treatment technology.

TU703.1

国家重点研发计划（2019YFC0408200）；国家自然科学基金（51838009）