The building settlement near a foundation pit project in Yanzhou is calculated by using calculation method related to settlement of the soil near a foundation pit, Comparing and analyzing calculated settlement values with measured settlement ,the reason for the gap between theoretically calculated values and measured settlement values is pointed out, On the foundation of careful research and analysis of the measured building settlement values ,the factors influencing the settlement of building near the foundation pit are summarized. Finally, according to practical measured values and influ- encing factors, how the settlement of building near the foundation pit is influenced was carefully analyzed. A conclusion that has practical role in Engineering is presented,which can serve reasonably for instructing foundation pit retaining design.