Taking cement as primary raw material, a porous hardened cement paste synthetic filter material was prepared by steam curing in a reaction kettle. The optimum process combination condition of the filter material was determined. By orthogonal experiment, the optimal combinations of technical conditions were determined: water-solid ratio is 0.25, and pore-forming agent/cement equals to 0.3 with steaming temperature at 180°C in the reaction kettle for 4 h. Effects of pH value, dosing quantity and the initial concentration of phosphorus on phosphorus removal by using the filter materials which prepared under the optimal conditions were tested. The results show that the phosphorus removal rate reaches all above 95.3% and the highest one is 99.8% when the initial concentration of phosphorus is 5~10 mg·L -1. When the amount of filter material is added 2.5 g/100 mL, under the experimental condition of pH neutral, the top phosphorus removal rate reaches 89.6% when the concentration is 50 mg·L -1. The analysis of adsorption kinetic process shows that the pseudo-second-order kinetic is fitted to the adsorption characteristics of filter material and the adsorption rate is controlled by the intra-particle diffusion.