The difference on physiological adaptation of autonomic nervous regulation and subjective evaluation between residents of southern and northern in a neutral environment in China were studied. Using the experimental design, selection of 16 south college students and 16 north of the college students, the physiological parameters test including skin temperature, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), blood volume pulse(BVP), electromyography(EMG), Filling in the subjective questionnaire. The results showed that: 1) the north crowd feeling was comfortable, evaluation index was near to neutral and moderate, data was relatively concentrated compared with the south people feeling was a bit hot, evaluation data was discrete in neutral environment, but thermal comfort (TCV) (p=0.106>0.05), an acceptable level (p=0.838>0.05) were no significant differences compared with the north people; 2) The average skin temperature had significant difference (p=0.006<0.05), and the body skin temperature was significantly higher than limb skin temperature(p=0.009<0.05;p=0.043<0.05;p=0<0.05;p=0<0.05;p=0.002<0.05), limb skin temperature difference was not significant, electromyography was not significant difference (p=0.961>0.05). Heart rate value and LF/HF value of heart rate variability were both differences, but not significance(p=0.265>0.05;p=0.618>0.05). But BVP was significant difference (p=0<0.05).