Tou-xin-zao and ji-xin-zao are the two basic forms of tou-kung in Chinese ancient timber structures. To study the mechanical performance of the two types of tou-kung, finite element models are established for the typical tou-xin-zao and ji-xin-zao tou-kung in Raoyi Temple. The models are verified with previous experimental results and then subjected to vertical loading and horizontal low frequency cyclic loading, respectively. The finite element analysis shows that under vertical loading, the ji-xin-zao tou-kung experiences a strength hardening stage, with the ultimate bearing capacity 29.9% higher than that of tou-xin-zao tou-kung. It was found that the additional structural members (heng-gong) in ji-xin-zao tou-kung contributed to the higher bearing capacity. Under horizontal cyclic loading, the two tou-kung types behave equally well in terms of energy dissipation performance and both exhibite relatively plump hysteresis loops.