Aerogel glazing units (AGUs) with the high translucent insulation performance could reduce effectively energy saving in buildings. In this paper, eight kinds of AGUs were prepared and the effect on translucent and insulation performance of AGUs with different particle size and filling thicknesses was investigated. Experiments results indicate that visible light transmittance and solar radiation transmittance of AGUs increase obviously when particle size increases from 0.41mm to 0.93mm, while that change little when particle size continues to increase from 0.93mm. The heat transfer coefficient decreases about 15% when the particle size reduces from 2.7mm to 0.41mm. The increace of the thickness of aerogel effectively decrease visible light transmittance, solar radiation transmittance and heat transfer coefficient, the heat transfer coefficient of AGUs can decrease 51.43% compared with conventional double galzing at the same size. Finally, heat insulation experiments of testing insulation temperature difference of AGUs and conventional double glass were conducted, and the results reveal the temperature difference of AGUs before and after heating raise 5.4~10.2℃. Therefore,conclusion of this study give a clue to the application of this new heat insulating materials on energy saving in buildings.