To examine the frictional characteristics of wheat straw in saline soil, which is influenced by water content, dry density and embedment length of wheat straw, the pulling-out test is carried out. The unconfined compressive test and triaxial test of four kinds of samples, including saline soil, wheat straw-saline soil, lime-saline soil and wheat straw-lime-saline soil, were conducted. The results showed that the friction strength decreases with the increase of water content, and increases when the dry density and embedment length increase. It has been certified that the influences from the dry density, water content and the embedment length on friction strength decrease successively. In comparison with saline soil and lime-saline soil, unconfined compressive strength, triaxial shear strength and deformation resistance of the soil are significantly improved due to the added wheat straw. The frictional characteristics of wheat straw in saline soil have been revealed and the reinforcing effect is considerable, providing an effective method for soil stabilization.