In view of three types of foundation pit in the Huanghe River basin with different geo-mechanical characteristics, this paper aims to explore the yield behaviour and application conditions of five prescribed constitutive models. Combing geo-mechanical parameter characteristics in typical area of thick alluvium, the constitutive model matching structural deformation of foundation pit excavation in respective area, by employing secondary development platform of finite difference method simulation software as well as field test data. Results show that:geo-mechanical characteristics varies significantly along the Huanghe River alluvium. Generally, the eastern stratum shows well grain size gradation, while the deep western stratum is mainly consist of unconsolidated clay and fine sand. The deformation behaviour of retaining pile for foundation pit in Jinan can be precisely simulated by Jene model, and meanwhile, the law of foundation pit surface deformation development can be described by Duncan Chang model. M-C model fits the active earth pressure with high accuracy in Zhengzhou, the time-dependent change law of axial force simulated by modified Cambridge model is in good accordance with the field test data.