Metal ions and organic pollutants can coexist in the environment in a variety of ways and therefore, generate combined pollution. Because of the interaction between metal ions and organic pollutants, their physicochemical property, transformation, and eco-toxicity would change, which gives rise to great challenge for the water treatment process and ecological toxicity assessment of these pollutants. This paper reviews the sources of combined pollution, the interaction between metal ions and organic pollutants, the influences of coexistence on the removal efficiency of both metal ions and organic pollutants, and the studies on ecological toxicity of combined pollution, which aims to provide a theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of combined pollution.