High-rise building may experience severe damage under far field strong earthquake. A common measure to reduce the seismic damage is using dampers which can mitigate the response of the structure. Current seismic design code has already been implemented with a general damper design method. However, whether the actual seismic response of the building deviates from the design, and whether the performance of different dampers under the same seismic precaution is different, are still unknown. In this study, firstly, a 20-story steel frame structure based on current seismic design code is established as the Benchmark model, and three different types of typical dampers, including friction damper, vicious damper and buckling-restrained brace are designed under the same control target. Numerical models of the three types of dampers are established according to the fitting of damper experiment curves. Based on the site types, ten ground motions have been selected for incremental dynamic analysis, and the control effect of the structural collapse resistance of the three types of typical dampers were compared. In the meantime, displacement-based structural seismic performance level is taken as the evaluation indicator to compare the control effect of three types of typical dampers, respectively. The results show that for the high-rise building-damper system designed according to the Chinese code, the viscous damper performs the best, followed by friction damper and buckling-restrained brace.