Railway stations are a type of large public facility, featured with a complex structural system, high people flow and long service life. Failure of the structural system will cause a serious social impact. In order to effectively monitor the health condition of the station structures, and find out damages of the station structures timely, so as to ensure structural safety of the railway stations to the greatest extent, it is essential to perform health monitoring on the railway station structures. In this study, a case study of a large railway stations is presented, with an overview of structural components and features of stations and an introduction of the health monitoring system used in stations. The main monitoring objects included three levels (roof layer, canopy without platform columns, and rail bearing layer) of the station during construction and operation stages. Problems remaining to be solved are discussed on the application of health monitoring on the railway stations structures, in order to promote the development of health monitoring in large railway station structures.