The development of the Chinese rail-road bridge has been nearly 80 years old, from the early beam system with small span and simple structural force to the current arch system with large span, as well as the cable-stayed and suspended cable system with large span and super large span.This paper collects relevant information of the rail-road bridge of the four structural systems that have been built and under construction in China, analyzing the main beam structure and foundation of the main bridge of the four kinds of structural systems in China, and the development trend of structural design, construction technology and material performance of different structural parts.Through analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: in terms of structure, the main raft form, bridge deck and joint system of the main girder of the four structural systems are from simple to simple, from discrete assembly to integral bolt welding;in terms of mechanical properties, the main truss and the main girder bridges of each structural system complement each other,this fully exerts the performance of the material and the stress characteristics of the structure,the main beam construction process tends to be systematic, efficient, and economical, and its material properties tend to be high quality; there is no significant change in the type of foundation, but its construction method has achieved self-innovation and the material performance tends to be high quality; the main arch of the arch-type system of the rail-road bridge tends to be new in design, and tends to be complicated in the construction process, and tends to be scientific and economical in the selection of materials;in addition to the main beam and the foundation part of the cable-stayed and suspension system, the design of other parts of the structure tends to be scientific, the construction tends to be economical and intelligent, and the material performance tends to be high quality.