Fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP) has been widely used in modern bridge engineering in recent years due to the excellent material properties that can adapt to the development needs of modern bridge structures towards large spans, light weight, and durability. In order to promote the development of structural forms and designs in the field of bridges using composite materials, this article reviews the research and application of FRP in bridge engineering in recent years from three levels of FRP material properties, structural components and bridge structures. The design concept of FRP material-structure integration is elaborated in detail, and the relevant research of FRP materials in bridge reinforcements, composite components and bridge structures are summarized and commented.The results show that, the current application of FRP in bridge engineering is still limited in the rehibitation and has great potentials in implementing long-span bridges. It is necessary to improve FRP performance and reduce costs as well as formulate product quality inspection standards. Moreover,systematic codes and engineering applications should be established for design, construction and monitor based on the material-structure integration.